EMERGING VACCINATION STANCE IN ADOLESCENTS, AND EMERGING ADULTS: THE ROLE OF TRUST AND KNOWLEDGE (preprint)

The present study investigates the predictive contribution of generalized and particularized trust and vaccination knowledge in explaining youth’s vaccination intention, as well as the moderating role of the vaccination status in the previously mentioned relationships. A total of 311 adolescents and emerging adults (aged 15 to 25, Mage = 21.19, SD = 2.55) from Serbia completed measures of vaccination intention and vaccination status, generalized and particularized trust, and vaccination knowledge. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis showed that prior uptake of a vaccine against the coronavirus was the best predictor of youth's intention to receive the coronavirus vaccine in the future. In addition, trust in the healthcare system and science, trust in God's will and alternative medicine, as well as knowledge about vaccines stood out as significant predictors of behavioral intention. Contrary to expectations, trust in government and public media, as well as trust in family and friends did not contribute to the explanation of young people's intention to get vaccinated. Besides, no moderating role of vaccination status was detected; regardless of vaccination status, the same determinants of youth’s vaccination intention were registered. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed in light of the importance of the development of evidence-based national vaccination programs for young people that can have a preventive character in a period of a global confidence crisis.

Burnout among Psychotherapists: A Cross-cultural Value Survey among 12 European Countries during the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic (preprint)

Objective The aim of this study was to examine cross-cultural differences, as operationalized by Schwartz's refined theory of basic values, in burnout levels among psychotherapists from 12 European countries during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. We focused on the multilevel approach to investigate if individual- and country-aggregated level values could explain differences in burnout intensity after controlling for sociodemographic and work-related characteristics and COVID-19-related distress among participants.Methods In this study, 2915 psychotherapists from 12 countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, Great Britain, Serbia, Spain, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, and Switzerland) participated in this study. The participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey, the revised version of the Portrait Values Questionnaire, and a survey questionnaire on sociodemographic and work-related factors.Results Multilevel analysis revealed that burnout at the individual level was negatively related to self-transcendence and openness-to-change values but positively related to self-enhancement and conservation values. However, no significant effects on any values were observed at the country level. Moreover, male sex, younger age, being single, and reporting higher COVID-19-related distress were identified as significant burnout correlates.Conclusions Burnout among psychotherapists may be a transcultural phenomenon, where individual differences among psychotherapists are likely to be more important than differences between the countries of their practice. This finding enriches the discussion on training in psychotherapy in an international context and draws attention to the neglected issue of mental health among psychotherapists in the context of their professional functioning.